Comparision of Anti-larvacidal Activity of Cassia occidentalis, Bamboosa vulgaris and Sapindus mukurossi

Venkateswarlu G*¹,Manoranjan S¹,Sharada N¹, Sravan Prasad M², Azeez MD¹, Rajeshwari.E¹

1.Venkateshwara Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cherlapally, Nalgonda-508001.

2. Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, Sheriguda, R.R Dist

*Corresponding Author E-mail: venkatvenki505@yahoo.in

ABSTRACT:

The present study evaluates the Anti-larvacidal of methanolic extract of Cassia occidentalis leaf, Bamboosa Vulgaris and Mukundus Saprossi at various concentrations against malarial vector. The various plant extracts exhibited larvacidal activity at different time intervals (24 hrs and 48 hrs). The mosquito larva of LC 50 and LC 90 values of Cassia occidentalis for I instar larvae 60.69%, 119.74%, the II instar 64.76%, 121.60%, III instar 67.78%, 123.35%, IV instar 70.56%, 122.81% and pupa 92.21%, 162.52% respectively.

KEYWORDS: Cassia occidentalis, Bambusa valgaris, sapindus mukurossi ,Anti-larvacidal, Dechlorinated water..

INTRODUCTION:

Traditionally Cassia occidentalis plant was used as folklore medicine in remote areas. In telugu it is known as chennangi chettu, and badi kasondi in hindi. It posses various activity like hepatoprotective activity^1-3, anti microbial activity, anti mutagenic activity, anti diabetic activity, anti malarial activity^4-6, wound healing activity, anti allergic activity, anti inflammatory activity, analgesic and anti pyretic activity. It kills parasites, viruses and enhances immunity. It also helpful to treat cough, convulsions, reduces blood pressure, reduces spasms and also used as cardiotonic^7-8. In the present study Cassia occidentalis extract was tested on mosquito larvae and pupa.

COLLECTION OF PLANT MATERIAL:

Cassia occidentalis,Bambusa vulgaris,sapindus mukurossi were purchased from commercial supplier of rural Nalgonda, Andra Pradesh, India. The plant authenticated by Dr.K.Raju, Head of Dept of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

PREPARATION OF EXTRACT:

Cassia occidentalis, Bambusa vulgaris, Sapindus mukurossi plants was shade dried and made in to coarse powder. It was extracted with methanol in Soxhlet apparatus for 24 hours. The concentrated material was reduced to a thick mass at room temperature and water was removed by placing it on water bath. The weight of the dried material was recorded and used for experimental study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Methanol (S.D fine chemicals Hyderabad.), Soxhlet apparatus was used from Venkateshwara Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences. The solvents and other chemicals were procured from E.merk, Mumbai and they were of analytical grade quality. Methonolic extract of Cassia occidentalis, Bambusa vulgaris, Sapindus mukurossi were screened for Antilarvacidal activity. The freshly hatched larvae were fed with dog biscuits and yeast at 3:1 ratio .the feeding was continued till the larvae transformed in to the pupae stage. The larvae reared in plastic cups. Water was changed alternate days. The breeding medium was regularly checked and dead larvae were removed at sight .the normal cultures as well as breeding cups used for any experimental purpose during the present study were kept closed with muslin cloth for preventing contamination through foreign mosquitoes.

Table:Effect of diluted compound on mortality of mosquito larva at different time intervals:

Concentration (µg/ml)	250 24hrs	150 24hrs	50 24hrs	250 150hrs	150 150hrs	50 150hrs
Bamusa vulgaris	6	4		2	6	4
Cassia occidentalis	7	4		3	7	5
Sapindus mukurossi	5	3		2	5	3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS:

Larvaecidal activity of methanolic extract of Cassia occidentalis leaf at various concentrations (250, 150, 50 µg/ml) against malarial vector, Mosquito Larvae is given in the table. The plant extract exhibited larvacidal activity to different time intervals (24hrs, 48hrs) the mosquito larvae of LC 50 and LC90 values of Cassia occidentalis for I instar larvae 60.69%,119.74%,II instar 64.76% , 121.60%.III instar 67.78%,123.35%. IV instar 70.56, 122.81% and pupa92.21%, 162.52% respectively. The above results shows effect of diluted compound Cassia occidentalis on mortality of larvas then the time interval in 48 hrs at the concentration of extract 250 µg/ml -9 mosquitos larvae the Cassia occidentalis extract shows higher activity comparison with other crude extract.

REFERENCES

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Received on 01.08.2012 Accepted on 25.08.2012

Asian J. Pharm. Res. 2(3): July-Sept. 2012; Page 118-119